(continued)
An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may earn
revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions with any of the
Group’s other components. All operating segments’ operating results are regularly reviewed by the Group’s
senior management to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its
performance, and for which discrete financial information is available.
Segment capital expenditure is the total cost incurred during the period to acquire property, plant and
equipment, and intangible assets other than goodwill.
In the consolidated and Company financial statements, to a certain degree, estimates and management
judgements have to be made which can affect the amounts and reporting of assets and liabilities, the reporting
of contingent assets and liabilities on the balance sheet date, and the amounts of income and expense reported
for the period.
The doubtful debts provision as detailed above in Note 3(j) involves a level of management judgement. Many
factors are taken into consideration in this context including historical loss experience, the size and composition
of certain portfolios, the current fair values and adequacy of collaterals, current economic events,
macroeconomic factors, and forecasts of future economic conditions and conditions. These forecasts are
performed using a scenario analysis (basic scenario, optimistic scenario and pessimistic scenario).
The doubtful debts provision is calculated for the retail portfolio using current delinquencies, historical
delinquency migration ratios ("HDMR") as well as historical loss data. Corporate Fleet and Dealer pool
provisions are calculated based on customer ratings and associated default probabilities as well as potential
loss severities. Specific provisions for impaired corporate accounts are determined using remarketing estimates
of current assets, expert and management judgement on the likelihood of recovery and liquidation of assets as
at 31 December 2025.
Further external information is included in the assessment through subsequent adjustments. Changes to the
estimation and assessment of these factors influence the allowance for credit losses with a resulting impact on
the Group's net profit.
Other factors that have the most significant effect on the amount recognised in the financial statements are also
described in the following notes:
•
Note 15 Derivative financial instruments, Note 21 Trade and other payables, Note 22 Interest bearing
liabilities and Note 23 Financial instruments - the best evidence of fair value is a quoted price from an
actively traded market. In the event that the market for a financial instrument is not active, a valuation
technique is used. The majority of valuation techniques employ only observable market data and so the
reliability of the fair value measurement is high. However, certain financial instruments are valued on the
basis of valuation techniques that feature one or more significant market inputs that are unobservable.
Valuation techniques that rely to a greater extent on unobservable inputs require a higher level of
management judgement to calculate a fair value than those based wholly on observable inputs. Key
judgements include:
-
the likelihood and expected timing of future cash flows on the instrument.
-
selecting an appropriate discount rate for the instrument.
-
judgement to determine what model to use to calculate fair value in areas where the choice of
valuation model is particularly subjective.
21